Profile
- Type
- Short-range surface-to-air missile system
- Conflict side
- Russia
- Origin
- Russia
- Service note
- Modern Russian mobile air defense
Air Defense
Tor-M2
The Tor-M2 is a Russian short-range, self-propelled surface-to-air missile system built to protect maneuver forces and fixed sites from aircraft, helicopters, drones, guided missiles, and other precision weapons. In the Russia-Ukraine War it appears in Russian service as a tracked tactical air-defense vehicle, with visually documented battlefield losses showing its use close enough to the front to be targeted by Ukrainian forces.
Service History
- In service
- Tor-M2 family entered Russian service in the 2010s
- Used by
- Russian Armed Forces
- Wars
- Russia-Ukraine War
Production History
- Designer
- Almaz-Antey
- Built in
- Russia
- Variants
- Tor-M2E tracked export variant, Tor-M2K wheeled variant, Tor-M2KM modular variant, Tor-E2 later export variant
Specifications
- Crew
- 3
- Missiles
- Up to 8 9M331-series missiles or 16 9M338-series missiles depending variant
- Engagement range
- Rosoboronexport lists 1,000-15,000 m for Tor-M2E; CSIS lists up to 16 km for the Tor-M2 family
- Engagement altitude
- 10-10,000 m for Tor-M2E
- Targets engaged
- Up to 4 simultaneously fired targets
- Radar detection range
- Target acquisition radar range listed as 32 km
- Mobility
- Self-propelled tracked base chassis for Tor-M2E; wheeled and modular variants also exist
Conflict Usage
- Russia-Ukraine War
- Side: Russia
Fielded by Russian forces as a mobile short-range air-defense system; visually confirmed Russian losses include 9A331M launchers for the 9K332 Tor-M2 during the full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
Tor-M2 Images
Related Weapon Systems
Buk-M2Tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile systemThe Buk-M2 is a Russian tracked medium-range surface-to-air missile system in the Buk family, using the 9M317 missile and networked radars to defend maneuver forces and key areas against aircraft, helicopters, cruise missiles, precision weapons, and some ballistic targets. In the Russia-Ukraine War it appears on the Russian side as part of layered battlefield air defense, where Ukrainian forces have targeted its launchers and associated radar vehicles.
Flakpanzer GepardSelf-propelled anti-aircraft gunThe Flakpanzer Gepard is a tracked German self-propelled anti-aircraft gun built around twin 35 mm automatic cannons and onboard search and tracking radars. In Ukraine it fills a short-range air defense role, pairing Leopard 1 mobility with gun-based engagement of low-flying aircraft, helicopters, missiles, and drones.
IRIS-T SLMMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemA German air defense system supplied to protect Ukrainian population centers and infrastructure. It is designed for high accuracy against aircraft, drones, and cruise missiles.
MIM-104 PatriotLong-range surface-to-air missile systemA high-end air defense system used by Ukraine against Russian air and missile attacks and by U.S. forces defending Al Udeid Air Base from Iranian ballistic missiles.
NASAMSMedium-range surface-to-air missile systemA distributed air defense system using AMRAAM-family missiles. Its networked launchers and sensors make it valuable for defending urban areas and infrastructure.
S-300Long-range surface-to-air missile systemThe S-300 is a Soviet-designed long-range surface-to-air missile family used by Ukraine for area air defense during the Russia-Ukraine War. Its mobile launchers, radars, and command elements give Ukrainian forces a legacy but still important way to contest aircraft, drones, cruise missiles, and some ballistic-missile threats while newer Western systems enter service.Sources
"Tor-M2E" ADMSPublisher: Rosoboronexport | Note: Supports Tor-M2E/Tor-M2K/Tor-M2KM variant background, intended target set, and listed engagement/radar characteristics. | Accessed: 2026-06-19Tor (SA-15 Gauntlet)Publisher: CSIS Missile Threat | Note: Supports Tor-M2 family background, Russian service context, missile loadout, crew, range, ceiling, and target-engagement characteristics. | Accessed: 2026-06-19Rosoboronexport to Showcase Latest Russian Defence Products at Partner 2025Publisher: Rosoboronexport | Note: Supports manufacturer attribution for the Tor-M2KM modular SAM system to Almaz-Antey Air and Space Defence Corporation. | Accessed: 2026-06-19Attack On Europe: Documenting Russian Equipment Losses During The Russian Invasion Of UkrainePublisher: Oryx | Note: Supports Russia-Ukraine War use context by documenting visually confirmed Russian losses of 9A331M launchers for the 9K332 Tor-M2. | Accessed: 2026-06-19Tor-M2 03.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports image provenance for a Tor-M2 photographed by the Russian Ministry of Defence and licensed on Commons under CC BY 4.0. | Accessed: 2026-06-19Tor-M2 and Osa-AKM.jpgPublisher: Wikimedia Commons | Note: Supports gallery image provenance and licensing context for a Tor-M2 image on Commons. | Accessed: 2026-06-19